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Appendix UG1. Date/Time Support

Table of Contents
Time Zones
History

Time Zones

Table UG1-1. Postgres Recognized Time Zones

Time ZoneOffset from UTCDescription
NZDT+13:00New Zealand Daylight Time
IDLE+12:00International Date Line, East
NZST+12:00New Zealand Std Time
NZT+12:00New Zealand Time
AESST+11:00 Australia Eastern Summer Std Time
ACSST+10:30 Central Australia Summer Std Time
CADT+10:30 Central Australia Daylight Savings Time
SADT+10:30South Australian Daylight Time
AEST+10:00 Australia Eastern Std Time
EAST+10:00 East Australian Std Time
GST+10:00Guam Std Time, USSR Zone 9
LIGT+10:00Melbourne, Australia
ACST+09:30 Central Australia Std Time
CAST+09:30 Central Australia Std Time
SAT+9:30South Australian Std Time
AWSST+9:00 Australia Western Summer Std Time
JST+9:00Japan Std Time,USSR Zone 8
KST+9:00Korea Standard Time
WDT+9:00West Australian Daylight Time
MT+8:30Moluccas Time
AWST+8:00 Australia Western Std Time
CCT+8:00 China Coastal Time
WADT+8:00West Australian Daylight Time
WST+8:00West Australian Std Time
JT+7:30Java Time
WAST+7:00West Australian Std Time
IT+3:30Iran Time
BT+3:00 Baghdad Time
EETDST+3:00 Eastern Europe Daylight Savings Time
CETDST+2:00 Central European Daylight Savings Time
EET+2:00 Eastern Europe, USSR Zone 1
FWT+2:00French Winter Time
IST+2:00Israel Std Time
MEST+2:00Middle Europe Summer Time
METDST+2:00Middle Europe Daylight Time
SST+2:00Swedish Summer Time
BST+1:00 British Summer Time
CET+1:00 Central European Time
DNT+1:00 Dansk Normal Tid
DST+1:00 Dansk Standard Time (?)
FST+1:00 French Summer Time
MET+1:00Middle Europe Time
MEWT+1:00Middle Europe Winter Time
MEZ+1:00Middle Europe Zone
NOR+1:00Norway Standard Time
SET+1:00Seychelles Time
SWT+1:00Swedish Winter Time
WETDST+1:00Western Europe Daylight Savings Time
GMT0:00Greenwish Mean Time
WET0:00Western Europe
WAT-1:00West Africa Time
NDT-2:30Newfoundland Daylight Time
ADT-03:00 Atlantic Daylight Time
NFT-3:30Newfoundland Standard Time
NST-3:30Newfoundland Standard Time
AST-4:00 Atlantic Std Time (Canada)
EDT-4:00 Eastern Daylight Time
ZP4-4:00GMT +4 hours
CDT-5:00 Central Daylight Time
EST-5:00 Eastern Standard Time
ZP5-5:00GMT +5 hours
CST-6:00 Central Std Time
MDT-6:00Mountain Daylight Time
ZP6-6:00GMT +6 hours
MST-7:00Mountain Standard Time
PDT-7:00Pacific Daylight Time
PST-8:00Pacific Std Time
YDT-8:00Yukon Daylight Time
HDT-9:00Hawaii/Alaska Daylight Time
YST-9:00Yukon Standard Time
AHST-10:00 Alaska-Hawaii Std Time
CAT-10:00 Central Alaska Time
NT-11:00Nome Time
IDLW-12:00International Date Line, West

Note: If the compiler option USE_AUSTRALIAN_RULES is set then EST refers to Australia Eastern Std Time, which has an offset of +10:00 hours from UTC.

Australian time zones and their naming variants account for fully one quarter of all time zones in the Postgres time zone lookup table.

Date/Time Input Interpretation

The date/time types are all decoded using a common set of routines.

  1. Break the input string into tokens and categorize each token as a string, time, time zone, or number.

    1. If the token contains a colon (":"), this is a time string.

    2. If the token contains a dash ("-"), slash ("/"), or dot ("."), this is a date string which may have a text month.

    3. If the token is numeric only, then it is either a single field or an ISO-8601 concatenated date (e.g. "19990113" for January 13, 1999) or time (e.g. 141516 for 14:15:16).

    4. If the token starts with a plus ("+") or minus ("-"), then it is either a time zone or a special field.

  2. If the token is a text string, match up with possible strings.

    1. Do a binary-search table lookup for the token as either a special string (e.g. today), day (e.g. Thursday), month (e.g. January), or noise word (e.g. on).

      Set field values and bit mask for fields. For example, set year, month, day for today, and additionally hour, minute, second for now.

    2. If not found, do a similar binary-search table lookup to match the token with a time zone.

    3. If not found, throw an error.

  3. The token is a number or number field. If there are more than 4 digits, and if no other date fields have been previously read, then interpret as a "concatenated date" (e.g. 19990118).

    1. If there are more than 4 digits, and if no other date fields have been previously read, then interpret as a "concatenated date" (e.g. 19990118).

    2. If three digits and a year has already been decoded, then interpret as day of year.

    3. If longer than two digits, then interpret as a year.

    4. If in European date mode, and if the day field has not yet been read, and if the value is less than or equal to 31, then interpret as a day.

    5. If in non-European (US) date mode, and if the month field has not yet been read, and if the value is less than or equal to 12, then interpret as a month.

    6. If the day field has not yet been read, and if the value is less than or equal to 31, then interpret as a month.

    7. If the month field has not yet been read, and if the value is less than or equal to 12, then interpret as a month.

    8. Otherwise, interpret as a year.

  4. If BC has been specified, negate the year and offset by one (there is no year zero in the Gregorian calendar).

  5. If BC was not specified, and if the year field was two digits in length, then adjust the year to 4 digits. If the field was less than 70, then add 2000; otherwise, add 1900.